1. Application of polyglutamic acid in agriculture
The relative molecular weight of γ-polyglutamic acid is about 20,000, which can increase the water absorption function of the soil by 30 to 80 times, greatly increase the water retention of the soil, and lay the foundation for increasing agricultural production and resisting drought disasters and other adverse environments. In addition, γ-polyglutamic acid can also increase soil permeability, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by plant roots, and enhance the effect of fertilizers on roots. At the same time, spraying a certain mass concentration of γ-polyglutamic acid solution mixed with agriculture on the surface of crops can prolong the residence and action time of the drug on the leaves of the plant and enhance the efficacy of the drug. Therefore, γ-polyglutamic acid is of great significance for water and fertilizer conservation in agriculture.
2. Application of polyglutamic acid in the food industry
In addition to being used as a food additive, γ-polyglutamic acid itself is good dietary fiber. Taking it as a health product has a good effect on increasing gastrointestinal motility, removing waste from the body, and maintaining the function of the human digestive and excretory system. And its final decomposition product is free glutamic acid, which is beneficial to human health.
3. Application of γ-polyglutamic acid in fruit preservation
Make a solution of γ-polyglutamic acid, and spray an appropriate amount on the surface of fresh fruits that are difficult to store, such as lychees and dragon fruits. It can also maintain the moisture of the epidermis and play a role in preservation. The γ-polyglutamic acid-producing Bacillus subtilis is made into a fungicide and sprayed on the surface of the fruit, which can maintain the microecological environment of the epidermis, form a symbiotic relationship, and prevent harmful bacteria from invading the fruit.
4. Application of γ-polyglutamic acid in cosmetics
The international name of γ-PGA in the Cosmetic Pharmacopoeia is Natto Gum. As a high-efficiency moisturizing ingredient, it is added to skincare products such as facial masks, morning and night creams, and plays a role in maintaining epidermal moisture and reducing moisture loss in the stratum corneum. Used in shampoo and hair care products, it can lock the moisture of the scales on the surface of the hair, maintain the hair quality, nourish the scalp, reduce dandruff, and reduce hair dryness. In the ointment used for skincare, it can reduce skin allergies, roughness, and skin damage caused by lack of water, improve skin immunity, restore cell function, and improve metabolism.
5. Application of γ-polyglutamic acid in clinical and drug therapy
γ-PGA is an ideal carrier for precursor preparations, and a large number of free carboxyl groups in its molecule are the structural basis for this function. In addition, studies have shown that γ-PGA plays an indispensable role in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and γ-PGA is expected to bring good news to patients with tumors and liver cell function degradation. And γ-PGA can also stimulate the body’s immune response, thereby enhancing the body’s immunity.
γ-PGA can also be used as an adjuvant for calcium supplementation. In clinical studies, it has been found that menopausal women are prone to osteoporosis due to calcium deficiency, and γ-PGA has been used as adjuvant therapy for calcium supplementation in this special population and has received good results. At the same time, the application of γ-PGA in anti-aging health care drugs is also attracting more and more attention, because it can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase and the production of melanin, and keep the body young. In addition, the recent clinical experiment of γ-PGA perfusion in the fallopian tube of mice has confirmed that it can be used together with platinum in the study of dredging fallopian tube blockage, which is expected to provide a new method for the treatment of human infertility.
The clinical contribution of γ-PGA is also reflected in the application of biomimetic materials. For example, artificial articular cartilage is often used in the surgical treatment of bone injuries. The material for making artificial cartilage requires good biocompatibility and stability. , and γ-PGA is processed to obtain γ-PGA-chondroitin sulfate-PCL (polycaprolactone), which is an ideal material for artificial cartilage. In addition, γ-polyglutamic acid also has the effect of hemostasis and hemostasis of body fluid leakage and has a strong inhibitory effect on persistent blood exudation and vascular bleeding during large artery surgery, so it can be used in medical devices to make hemostatic gauze And hemostatic tape, artificial skin, surgical suture without stitches.
